HISTORY OF LIFE

1. The Origin of Life
   
2. Earth's Earliest Life
   
3. Sex and Nuclei: Eukaryotes
   
4. The Evolution of Animals
   
5. Life in a Changing World
   
6. Extinction
   
7. The Early Vertebrates
   
8. Leaving the Water
   
9. Amphibians and Reptiles
   
10. Reptiles and Thermoregulation
    
11. Triassic Takeover
    
12. Dinosaurs
    
13. Warm-Blooded Dinosaurs?
    
14. The Evolution of Flight
    
15. The Origin of Mammals
    
16. Marine Reptiles
    
17. Why Flowers are Beautiful
    
18. The End of the Dinosaurs
    
19. Cenozoic Mammals
    
20. Geography and Evolution
    
21. Primates
    
22. Evolving Toward Humans
    
23. The Ice Age
    
24. Humans and the Ice Age
    

Evolving Toward Humans

Introduction

• Links for Anthropology
• Glossary of Paleoanthropological Terms
• Phylogenetic Map of Fossil Hominid Skulls (Enhanced if Shockwave Plug-in is Available)
• Charles Darwin's Book: Descent of Man
• Timeline of Hominid Evolution
• Hunterian Museum's Guided Tour of First Humans
• Institute of Human Origins (IHO) Recommended Bibliography on Human Evolution
• CSU Chico's Skull Module

Australopithecines

• Lucy's Fossil Skeleton is in a Vault in Ethiopis but a Replica is at IHO and Questions are Answered Here including
  How do We Know She was a Hominid?
• The Story of Lucy: Australopithicus afarensis
• Lucy Had Short Legs but Walked Well
• R.J. Clarke's First Ever Discovery of a Well-preserved Skull and Associated Skeleton of an Australopithicus
• A More Recent .pdf Article by R.J. Clarke on
  Discovery of a Complete Arm and Hand of a 3.3 Ma Australopithecine Skeleton (Requires Adobe Acrobat Reader)
• Exciting New (April 2000) Discoveries of South African Australopithicus
• The Robust Autralopithicines: Australopithicus robustus
• Excellent Web Article by Nina Jablonski on Why Humans Became Bipedal

The Appearance of Homo

• More Links for Anthropology
• Prominent Hominid Fossils
• SARC (Stone Age Reference Collection)
• The First Human Species: Homo habilis
• The First Large-Brained Humans: Homo erectus
• A Cool Reconstruction of the Skull of Homo erectus (Requires Quicktime VR, 1662K)
• Earliest Members of Our Own Species: Homo sapiens
• Neanderthals: Homo sapiens neandertalensis
• Download Recent (3/30/00 and 10/8/98) Featured Articles on DNA Evidence for Distinctiveness of Neanderthals from Nature
• The Symbol User: Homo sapiens sapiens
• Pleistocene Art

Visit Image at The Psychology, Culture, and Evolution Website

Outstanding Problems

• Is An African "Eve" the Mother of Us All?
• Introduction to Multiregional vs. Out of Africa Hypotheses
• New (12/7/00) Nature Article Presents Evidence Favoring Out of Africa Hypothesis
• More Technical Notes on Mitochondrial Eve Hypothesis and an Out-of-Africa Origin or Here or Here
• Dennis Etler's Fossil Evidence for Human Evolution in China including
  Pre-modern Chinese Hominids Used as Evidence for Multiregional Hypothesis
• News from the American Museum's Hall of Human Biology and Evolution
• Human Population Genetics Lab
• Maps of Worldwide Human Cultures
• Psychology and Human Evolution
• The Endocrine System